烟叶编持机的设计与开发

为了解决人工编烟费时、费力,效率低下的问题,设计开发了摆动钩针式烟叶编持机,设计编烟速度为12～20s/m可调,铺叶厚度和编叶数量可自动调整,综合辅助用工实际应用效率达手工编烟的5倍以上.编烟测试表明,该型编烟机编制均匀牢固,线迹美观,明显减少了编烟用工,具有较好的应用前景.     

云斑天牛产卵刻槽在杨树树干上的分布规律

通过标准地及样树调查，查明云斑天牛产卵刻槽在杨树树干上的垂直分布规律．其垂直分布位置随树龄增大而逐年上移．在2～5a生幼树上，主要分布在离地1m以下．树皮厚度是影响产卵刻相垂直分布变化及产生空槽的主要因子．     

灌水次数与施氮量对香料烟品质的影响

在云南保山潞江坝对香料烟不同灌水次数和施氮水平对烟叶品质和有关经济指标影响的试验表明,以烟苗移栽后25d第1次灌水,移栽50d后第2次灌水,施纯氮60kg/hm2的处理烟叶品质和综合经济指标最好。     

Auxin responsive factor基因转化烟草的初探

如何改进烟叶的品质、提高烟叶的产量、特别是提高烟株对病虫害的抗性,是烟草研究专家的重要课题。由于烟草较易进行组织培养和基因转化,因而成为植物基因工程中的模式植物之一,是植物界的”果蝇”,许多非烟草研究专家也在用它进行转基因的研究,这就使得烟草的转基因研究特别丰富,研究成果很多,这是烟草得天独厚之处。但研究的成果真正转化到生产上的数量却相当少,这正是烟草研究者们要努力解决的问题。     

马尾松人工林抚育间伐起始期的研究

通过对马尾松人工林试验地调查并选取标本木进行树干解析，分析马尾松人工林间伐合理起始期及不同起始期对林分生长影响，结果表明：初植密度高，间伐合理起始期提前，反之，间伐合理起始期推迟。超过间作合理起始期间伐会抑制林木生长。间伐合理起始期可以通过分析胸径加年生长量来确定。     

红土晒烟品种比较试验

以保山地区大面积种植的红土晒烟品种拉茄为对照,对不同种源的肯那、歪尾巴、沂水香烟、Va309等4个品种进行比较试验,通过生物学性状、农艺性状、外观质量的观察比较和对产量、产值的方差分析结果:参试品种均不及对照品种拉茄;歪尾巴、肯那综合性状表现相对较好,接近拉茄;而沂水香烟、Va309明显较差。     

一种适于提取复烤烟叶DNA的方法

以改良CTAB法提取复烤烟叶DNA，经U－3000紫外分光光度计测定，所获DNA呈典型的吸收曲线，且OD260／OD280在1．7－1．9之间；对烟草叶绿体不编码序列进行PCR扩增，获得理想条带。     

人工落叶松采伐迹地更新针叶树种试验

在人工落叶松采伐迹地上更新长白落叶松、樟子松，红松、云杉，与荒山荒地造林相比，长白落叶松增长4．2％，樟子松，红松、云杉增产幅度在35．3％至38．5％之间。     

Changes in understory species diversity during theNothofagus pumilio forest management cycle

Human commercial activities must be compatible with sustainable management to achieve species conservation in the natural environment. After harvesting, diversity and abundance of understory species differ substantially from the pre-harvest situation. Have knowledge of the changes that logging produces in all components of the system allows us to develop management alternatives with reduced impacts. The objective of this work was to evaluate changes in density, biomass and diversity of understory species along a forest shelterwood cut system management cycle in aNothofagus pumilio forest. Six forest management situations (postharvesting stands and different phases of forest development) were sampled in a pureN. pumilio forest of Tierra del Fuego (Argentina) of middle-high site class (fromclass I toIII). Species number, density and biomass were modified substantially after a shelterwood cut. These were being greatest after cutting and falling substantially when the forest canopy closes during theinitial growth phase, returning to values similar to this virgin forest when themature phase was reached. The impact of the forest management on understory species diversity is analyzed and discussed. The silvicultural practices applied toN. pumilio forest in Tierra del Fuego permit the introduction of alien flora to the system, and produce great changes during the forest management cycle. To Celina Matteri, Itatí Ferraro, and Rosa Kofalt for their aid in taxonomical identification. To Juan Manuel Cellini, Ricardo Vukasovic and Gregorio Martínez Pastur for their participation in the field work; and to the sawmillLos Castores, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria for the institutional and financial support.     

松树截根菌根化育苗和造林的研究*

根据苗木根系分泌物能促进菌根真菌萌发和生长的原理，结合我国林业育苗的特点，提出了松树幼苗截根与人工接种菌根真菌结合的育苗方式。结果表明，截根菌根化育苗在促进根系发育和菌根形成，加速苗木生长，提高苗木生物量、苗木质量和产苗量等方面都有显著优势，苗木的侧根数、侧根总长、苗木菌根化率、吸收根菌根化率、苗高、地径、鲜重、干重分别提高２０．０％～９６０．０％、５６．２％～３８９．５％、０．０％～４００．０％、５６．２％～１７９２．０％、２２．３％～１７９．３％、３１．２％～２５３．８％、３３．３％～９１８．２％和２１．８％～７４０．０％，苗木成活率和Ⅰ级苗分别提高９．０％～２２．１％和４９．３％～１５０．０％，Ⅱ、Ⅲ级苗和等外苗分别降低４０．６％～７７．３％、６１．６％～８８．５％和８２．５％～１００．０％。利用截根菌根化苗木造林，提高成活保存率５．５％～４６．０％，并促进幼树生长，树高、地径和材积指数分别增加１３．０％～５６．４％、２５．５％～６１．７％和８７．８％～４５０．０％。效益分析证明，截根菌根化育苗具有明显的经济效益和社会效益，仅苗期可定量计算的增收（节支）总额可达４４６６２元／ｈｍ２。